| Key Attributes |
Sweden |
Norway |
| Political & Regulatory Stability |
Long-established, transparent mining code with strong rule of law |
Extremely stable political environment with predictable regulatory framework |
| 2024 Fraser Institute Mining Investment Attractiveness Index |
Ranked 6th |
Ranked 10th |
| Mining & Exploration Track Record |
Centuries-long mining history; globally recognised jurisdiction |
Re-emerging mining sector with supportive governance |
| Access to Critical Minerals |
Proven endowment of base, battery and specialty metals |
Excellent potential for base and battery metals |
| Infrastructure Quality |
Excellent road, rail, power and port infrastructure |
World-class infrastructure, ports and logistics |
| Skilled Workforce |
Highly skilled mining and engineering workforce |
Highly educated workforce with strong technical capability |
| ESG & Sustainability Standards |
Strong ESG and responsible mining standards |
Strong ESG credentials aligned with European frameworks |
| Access to Renewable Energy |
Abundant low-cost renewable (hydro, wind) energy |
Dominated by low-cost hydroelectric power |
| Permitting Transparency |
Clear permitting pathways with defined processes |
Transparent permitting with strong regulatory oversight |
| Investor Protection |
Strong legal protections and developed capital markets |
Robust protections and investor-friendly environment |
| Corporate Tax Rate |
~20.6% standard corporate income tax |
22% standard corporate income tax |
| Mining Royalties / Fees |
~0.2% mineral fee (0.15% landowner / 0.05% state) |
No specific government mining royalties |
